Proper distribution of liquid at the top of the packing is essential for satisfactory performance of the packed tower. It is important to distribute the liquid flow equally across the column area in order to secure an intensive mass transfer between the phases. Chemdist offers a wide range of liquid distributors for different applications.

1.1 Channel Type

Liquid is fed into large central channel then distributed through the holes in each channel on the packing. This is used for up to 1500 mm column dia. It can be supplied in single piece or segmented form.

1.2 Spalsh plate distributor

The feed liquid is pre-distributed at a precisely controlled rate from a main channel (mounted above) into the individual arm channels. Anti-plugging, due to large holes and the lateral discharge of liquid. It is suitable for dia. more than 800 mm.

1.3 Trough distributor

It has through type and through-pan type, which is widely used in the heavy liquid and gas load, high viscosity liquid and liquid with suspended solid. This is designed for column dia. 100 mm or above.

1.4 Pipe-arm distributor

Pipe distributor is be used only for clean service. Single row or double row perforated pipes will evenly distributed the liquid to the packing bed through perforated holes under the pipe. The Pipe-Arm distributor is designed for column ID above 400 mm.

1.5 Spray Distributor

It is used where the complete vetting of packing bed is necessary and generally used in scrubbers, in the wash and circulating reflux. The distributor is designed to create overlapping circles of liquid, which ensures that the entire area below the distributor is covered in liquid. This distributor consists of a main header and laterals with downpipes and spray nozzles.

1.6 Pan Type distributor

Pan type liquid distributors consist of a perforated deck with holes or drip tubes for the liquid and round or rectangular risers for the vapour. This is most conventional type that allow gas to pass the plate through risers while liquid flows through opening in the floor. This is not recommended for fouling applications.

liquid collector are mainly used to collect liquid from above packing bed and ensure uniform vapour distribution.it can be designed for total as well as partial draw off. Open area, allowable pressure drop, height of collector, liquid & vapour loads, column diameter and quantity of Liquid draw-off are the main parameters in collector design.

2.1 Flange type collector

It is sandwich between the body flanges & it is used in for small column Diameter.

2.2 Vane type liquid collector

The vane blades collect the overhead liquid and direct it into an annular ring, which may then be drawn from the tower or fed to a distributor below. The ring is welded to tower walls. The pressure drop is almost negligible.

2.3 Chimney type collector

In chimney type collector, the gas flow is distributed evenly by means of covered chimneys while downcoming liquid is collected and drawn off through a shaft or pipe. This is used as a liquid collector as well as collector cum distributor. The pressure loss through this type of collector can be relatively high.

The purpose of the support plate is to retain packings without excessive restriction to gas and liquid flow, it also serves to distribute both streams.

3.1 Grid support

Support grids which are designed to provide sufficient strength to support packed beds under normal operating conditions without creating any capacity restriction in the column. Packing support grids promotes High efficiency gas & liquid circulation while reducing the risk of liquid flooding across a system.

3.2 Multibeam support

The multi-beam packing support is regarded as one of the best random packing support grids. It is having excellent stiffness having high loading capacity to bear extremely high pressure from packing & flowing liquids. Structure of multi-beam packing can help to enlarge open area.it is used in large diameter & heavy duty distillation column.

Demister is used in vapour-liquid separator vessels for the removal of liquid droplets present in the vapour stream. It removes the liquid droplets by impingement of the droplets on the wire surface. The droplets agglomerate and increase in size until they are sufficiently large enough to drain from the pad by gravity. Demister efficiency is primarily a function of droplet size, wire size, specific surface area of the mesh, pad thickness and physical properties of the system. Mesh demisters can be installed either horizontally or vertically. With horizontal gas flow through the demister the capacity is 30% greater than compared to vertical flow. The pads are held between top and bottom grids. For vessel diameters greater than 600mm the demister is split into segments to allow installation through column man-holes. For smaller diameters it can be made in single piece. It can be available in metal as well as in plastic material like PP & PTFE.

5.1 Inlet Device

Inlet device in an oil/gas separator is used to direct the flow and absorb the flow momentum of coming stream. The initial separation of gases or liquids takes place in bulk quantity in the inlet section.

⦁ Vane Inlet Device
Vane type inlet device is used to reduce the momentum of the incoming feed stream, allowing for the removal of any bulk liquids and solids that may be present and making it possible to evenly distribute the gas flow over the vessel cross section. Because the area of the vane inlet is several times larger than the inlet nozzle, the fluid velocities are much smaller, allowing for good gas/liquid separation as well as smooth entry into the vessel.

⦁ Inlet deflector
Inlet deflector is used to lessen the inlet stream momentum and aid in the separation of gas from the liquid phase quickly.

⦁ Half cut pipe inlet device
The half-pipe inlet is simple and inexpensive and provides relatively good all-round performance.

⦁ Cyclone Inlet
Because of the centrifugal flow, large foam bubbles are broken, liquid drops are removed from the gas phase, and liquid/liquid coalescence occurs within the cyclone. Cylone inlet allows the use of a shorter retention time due to the rapid degas process, in which large bubble foam is minimized or eliminated. The cyclonic inlet device is designed such that it can operate at both high and low gas/oil ratios.

5.2 Sand jet

Sand jetting systems fluidize solids with pressurized water introduced through spray nozzles. The solids are then discharged through sand drains which are located down the length of the vessel. It fluidizes the solids with pressurized water introduced through specially designed nozzles. The solids are then discharged through sand drains located down the length of the vessel. The system can be arranged to flush the complete length of the vessel at the same time.

5.3 Perforated Baffles

Perforated Distribution Baffles are fitted downstream of the inlet device in the separator. Intended to distribute the liquid flow evenly over the cross-section, prior to entry into the liquid/liquid separation region, this baffle plays an important role in maximizing the liquid/liquid separation. It reduce turbulence and re-circulation within the liquid section, promoting gravity separation. The main advantage of perforated baffle is to distribute & calm the fluid.

5.4 Vane Packs

Vane pack are coalescing internals made of several layers of corrugated plates regularly spaced one from each other. These are composed by sets of vane profiles where the gas passes through, the water content condenses and slides down along the vanes and are drained down into the liquid section of the vessel. These are suitable for both vertical & horizontal gas flow. They are preferred in applications involving high vapour velocities, low available pressure drop, viscous or foaming liquids, lodging or cak-ing of solids, slugs of liquid. Vane demister pad can be made of stainless steel, carbon steel and other alloy steel. It has better corrosion and rust resistance than the plastic vane demister pad.

According to the type of blade, vane packs are divided into 3 Types.
⦁ Plain Type
⦁ Hook Type
⦁ Pocketed Type.

5.5 Parallel plate pack coalescer

The plate pack coalescer is composed by canals between long parallel plates at a fixed angle. Passing through this canals with correct velocity is possible to obtain the separation of the light phase and the heavy phase. The operating principle of parallel plate separators relies on the density difference between the oil and water phase: Oil droplets in the water phase will rise to the oil/water interface and water droplets in the oil phase will settle. It increases the liquid-liquid separation efficiency. These are suitable for modular or framed assembly.